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The
100 Most Eminent Psychologists of the 20th
Century
Review of General Psychology.
2002, Vol. 6, No. 2, 139–152
Steven J. Haggbloom (Western Kentucky
University)
Renee Warnick, Jason E. Warnick, Vinessa K.
Jones, Gary L. Yarbrough,
Tenea M. Russell, Chris M. Borecky, Reagan
McGahhey, John L. Powell III,
Jamie Beavers, and Emmanuelle Monte
(Arkansas State University)
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A
rank-ordered list was constructed that
reports the first 99 of the 100 most eminent
psychologists of the 20th century. Eminence
was measured by scores on 3 quantitative
variables and 3 qualitative variables. The
quantitative variables were journal citation
frequency, introductory psychology textbook
citation frequency, and survey response
frequency. The qualitative variables were
National Academy of Sciences membership,
election as American Psychological
Association (APA) president or receipt of
the APA Distinguished Scientific
Contributions Award, and surname used as an
eponym. The qualitative variables were
quantified and combined with the other 3
quantitative variables to produce a
composite score that was then used to
construct a rank-ordered list of the most
eminent psychologists of the 20th century.
Article in the Monitor |
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1. B.F. Skinner
2. Jean Piaget
3. Sigmund Freud
4. Albert Bandura
5. Leon Festinger
6. Carl R. Rogers
7. Stanley Schachter
8. Neal E. Miller
9. Edward Thorndike
10. A. H. Maslow
11. Gordon W. Allport
12. Erik H. Erikson
13. Hans J. Eysenck
14. William James
15. David C. McClelland
16. Raymond B. Cattell
17. John B. Watson
18. Kurt Lewin
19. Donald O. Hebb
20. George A. Miller
21. Clark L. Hull
22. Jerome Kagan
23. Carl G. Jung
24. Ivan P. Pavlov
25. Walter Mischel
26. Harry F. Harlow
27. J. P. Guilford
28. Jerome S. Bruner
29. Ernest R. Hilgard
30. Lawrence Kohlberg
31. Martin E.P. Seligman
32. Ulric Neisser
33. Donald T. Campbell
34. Roger Brown
35. R. B. Zajonc
36. Endel Tulving
37. Herbert A. Simon
38. Noam Chomsky
39. Edward E. Jones
40. Charles E. Osgood
41. Solomon E. Asch
42. Gordon H. Bower
43. Harold H. Kelley
44. Roger W. Sperry
45. Edward C. Tolman
46. Stanley Milgram
47. Arthur R. Jensen
48. Lee J. Cronbach
49. John Bowlby
50. Wolfgang Köhler
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51. David Wechsler
52. S. S. Stevens
53. Joseph Wolpe
54. D. E. Broadbent
55. Roger N. Shepard
56. Michael I. Posner
57. Theodore M. Newcomb
58. Elizabeth F. Loftus
59. Paul Ekman
60. Robert J. Sternberg
61. Karl S. Lashley
62. Kenneth Spence
63. Morton Deutsch
64. Julian B. Rotter
65. Konrad Lorenz
66. Benton Underwood
67. Alfred Adler
68. Michael Rutter
69. Alexander R. Luria
70. Eleanor E. Maccoby
71. Robert Plomin
72.5.* G. Stanley Hall
72.5. Lewis M. Terman
74.5.* Eleanor J. Gibson
74.5. Paul E. Meehl
76. Leonard Berkowitz
77. William K. Estes
78. Eliot Aronson
79. Irving L. Janis
80. Richard S. Lazarus
81. W. Gary Cannon
82. Allen L. Edwards
83. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky
84. Robert Rosenthal
85. Milton Rokeach
88.5.* John Garcia
88.5. James J. Gibson
88.5. David Rumelhart
88.5. L. L. Thurston
88.5. Margaret Washburn
88.5. Robert Woodworth
93.5.* Edwin G. Boring
93.5. John Dewey
93.5. Amos Tversky
93.5. Wilhelm Wundt
96. Herman A. Witkin
97. Mary D. Ainsworth
98. Orval Hobart Mowrer
99. Anna Freud
*Numbers with .5 indicate a tie
in the ranking. In these cases, the
mean is listed.
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Presidents
American Psychological Association
Former APA Presidents
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2012 |
Suzanne Bennett Johnson, PhD |
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2011 |
Melba J. T. Vasquez, PhD |
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2010 |
Carol D. Goodheart, EdD |
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2009 |
James H. Bray, PhD |
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2008 |
Alan E. Kazdin, PhD |
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2007 |
Sharon Stephens Brehm, PhD |
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2006 |
Gerald P.
Koocher, PhD |
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2005 |
Ronald L.
Levant, EdD, MBA, ABPP |
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2004 |
Diane F.
Halpern, PhD |
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2003 |
Robert J.
Sternberg, PhD |
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2002 |
Philip G.
Zimbardo, PhD |
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2001 |
Norine G.
Johnson, PhD |
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2000 |
Patrick H.
Deleon, PhD, MPH, JD |
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1999 |
Richard M.
Suinn, PhD |
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1998 |
Martin E. P.
Seligman, PhD |
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1997 |
Norman
Abeles. PhD |
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1996 |
Dorothy W.
Cantor, PsyD |
|
1995 |
Robert J.
Resnick, PhD, ABPP |
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1994 |
Ronald E.
Fox, PhD |
|
1993 |
Frank Farley,
PhD |
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1992 |
Jack Wiggins,
Jr., PhD |
|
1991 |
Charles
Spielberger, PhD |
|
1990 |
Stanley
Graham, PhD |
|
1989 |
Joseph D.
Matarazzo, PhD |
|
1988 |
Raymond D.
Fowler, PhD, ABPP |
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1987 |
Bonnie R.
Strickland, PhD |
|
1986 |
Logan Wright,
PhD |
|
1985 |
Robert
Perloff, PhD |
|
1984 |
Janet T.
Spence, PhD |
|
1983 |
Max Siegal,
PhD |
|
1982 |
William
Bevan, PhD |
|
1981 |
John J.
Conger, PhD |
|
1980 |
Florence L.
Denmark, PhD |
|
1979 |
Nicholas A.
Cummings, PhD |
|
1978 |
M. Brewster
Smith, PhD |
|
1977 |
Theodore
Blau, PhD |
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1976 |
Wilbert J.
Mckeachie, PhD |
|
1975 |
Donald T.
Campbell, PhD |
|
1974 |
Albert
Bandura, PhD |
|
1973 |
Leona E.
Tyler, PhD |
|
1972 |
Anne
Anastasi, PhD |
|
1971 |
Kenneth B.
Clark, PhD |
|
1970 |
George W.
Albee, PhD |
|
1969 |
George A.
Miller, PhD |
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1968 |
A. H. Maslow,
PhD |
|
1967 |
Gardner
Lindzey, PhD |
|
1966 |
Nicholas
Hobbs, PhD |
|
1965 |
Jerome
Bruner, PhD |
|
1964 |
Quinn
McNemar, PhD |
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1963 |
Charles E.
Osgood, PhD |
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1962 |
Paul E.
Meehl, PhD |
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1961 |
Neal E.
Miller, PhD |
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1960 |
Donald O.
Hebb, PhD |
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1959 |
W. Kohler,
PhD |
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1958 |
H. F. Harlow,
PhD |
|
1957 |
Lee J.
Cronbach, PhD |
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1956 |
Theodore M.
Newcombe, PhD |
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1955 |
E. Lowell
Kelly, PhD |
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1954 |
O. H. Mowrer,
PhD |
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1953 |
Laurence
Frederic Shaffer, PhD |
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1952 |
Joseph
McVicker Hunt, PhD |
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1951 |
Robert R.
Sears, PhD |
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1950 |
Joy Paul
Guilford, PhD |
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1949 |
Ernest R.
Hilgard, PhD |
|
1948 |
Donald G.
Marquis, PhD |
|
1947 |
Carl R.
Rogers, PhD |
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1946 |
Henry E.
Garrett, PhD |
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1945 |
Edwin R.
Guthrie, PhD |
|
1944 |
Garder
Murphy, PhD |
|
1943 |
John Edward
Anderson, PhD |
|
1942 |
Calvin Perry
Stone, PhD |
|
1941 |
Herbert
Woodrow, PhD |
|
1940 |
Leonard
Carmichael, PhD |
|
1939 |
Gordon
Willard Allport, PhD |
|
1938 |
John
Frederick Dashiell, PhD |
|
1937 |
Edward Chace
Tolman, PhD |
|
1936 |
Clark Leonard
Hull, PhD |
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1935 |
Albert
Theodor Poffenberger, PhD |
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1934 |
Joseph
Peterson, PhD |
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1933 |
Luis Leon
Thurstone, PhD |
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1932 |
Walter
Richard Miles, PhD |
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1931 |
Walther
Samuel Hunter, PhD |
|
1930 |
Herbert
Sidney Langfeld, PhD |
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1929 |
Karl Lashley,
PhD |
|
1928 |
Edwin
Garrigues Boring, PhD |
|
1927 |
Harry Levi
Hollingsworth, PhD |
|
1926 |
Harvey A.
Carter, PhD |
|
1925 |
Madison
Bentley, PhD |
|
1924 |
Granville
Stanley Hall, PhD |
|
1923 |
Lewis Madison
Terman, PhD |
|
1922 |
Knight
Dunlap, PhD |
|
1921 |
Margaret Floy
Washburn, PhD |
|
1920 |
Shepard Ivory
Franz, PhD |
|
1919 |
Walter Dill
Scott, PhD |
|
1918 |
John Wallace
Baird, PhD |
|
1917 |
Robert Mearns
Yerkes, PhD |
|
1916 |
Raymond
Dodge, PhD |
|
1915 |
John Broadus
Watson, PhD |
|
1914 |
Robert
Sessions Woodworth, PhD |
|
1913 |
Howard Crosby
Warren, PhD |
|
1912 |
Edward Lee
Thorndike, PhD |
|
1911 |
Carl Emil
Seashore, PhD |
|
1910 |
Walter Bowers
Pillsbury, PhD |
|
1909 |
Charles
Hubbard Judd, PhD |
|
1908 |
George
Malcolm Stratton, PhD |
|
1907 |
Henry Rutgers
Marshall, AM |
|
1906 |
James Rowland
Angell, MA |
|
1905 |
Mary Whiton
Calkins, AM |
|
1904 |
William
James, MD |
|
1903 |
William Lowe
Bryan, PhD |
|
1902 |
Edmund Clark
Sanford, PhD |
|
1901 |
Josiah Royce,
PhD |
|
1900 |
Joseph
Jastrow, PhD |
|
1899 |
John Dewey,
PhD |
|
1898 |
Hugo
Munensterberg, PhD |
|
1897 |
James Mark
Baldwin, PhD |
|
1896 |
George Stuart
Fullerton, MA |
|
1895 |
James McKeen
Cattell, PhD |
|
1894 |
William
James, MD |
|
1893 |
George
Trumbull Ladd, PhD |
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1892 |
Granville
Stanley Hall, PhD |
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